Dubrovnik, Croatia history , Facts & Architect

History of Dubrovnik.

• In 1189, the Bosnian Ban Kulin charter mentions Dubrovnik, and in the 12th century, the Chronicle of Priest Dukljanin mentions it.
• Dubrovnik was able to demonstrate its diplomacy by admitting Byzantine control until the beginning of the 13th century and Venice’s dominion between 1205. and 1358. Byzantium allowed Dubrovnik’s trade, crafts, and maritime activities to flourish, while Venice tried to stifle them.
• Dubrovnik recognised Croatian-Hungarian sovereignty until 1526.
• The Dubrovnik aristocracy drove its economy and culture. They controlled all government offices, while other wealthy citizens had no say. They created brotherhoods, the Antunini being the most esteemed.
  Merchants, tradesmen, shipowners, and educated people formed the Lazarini fraternity. The Jewish community, mostly bankers, physicians, and businessmen, lived in Žudioska Ulica (Jewish Street).
• From 1407. The oldest synagogue in Europe and the only non-Christian house of worship in Dubrovnik Republic allowed Jews to practise their religion.
• The Great Council (Consilium majus) had legislative power and included all noblemen over 18. 
• The Senate (Consilium rogatorum) with 45 senators and a one-year mandate had the real power.

Ragusa prospers.

• From the 9th century onward, Dubrovnik expanded under Byzantine rule. By the 12th century, it threatened Venice and its Republic. Venice conquered it from 1205 to 1358.
• The 13th-century old town is almost untouched today. .
• Dubrovnik became Croat-Hungarian at the Treaty of Zadar in 1358.
• Dubrovnik’s rise began in the 13th century. City politics and law were established by the Laws of 1272. From the 14th century, trade with the local region developed and the city industrialised and culturally. Dubrovnik had advanced businesses at the time. An orphanage established in 1432 and a pharmacy in 1317.

                           Things Worth Knowing About Dubrovnik

• Dubrovnik has a centuries-old history, but Croatia just became independent in 1991.
• In the 15th and 16th centuries, the city was crucial to the region.
• The first Walls were built in the Early Middle Ages.
• They were probably built to defend the city in the late eighth century.
• Since the 14th century, the Walls have remained unchanged.
• The constructions have lasted strong for nearly 700 years, despite some natural work.
• One of mainland Europe’s oldest defence constructions.

They have endured natural catastrophes.

• They survived the 1667 earthquake.
• Despite slight flaws, the structures remain sturdy.

They are almost 2 Kilometers long.

• The 1,940 meter-long City Walls surround the majority of the Old Town neighbourhood.
• They are one continuous structure and, in some places, can rise as high as 25 metres.
• The main portion of the land-facing wall ranges in width from 4 to 6 metres. The portions that face the ocean range in width from 1.5 to 3 metres.
• En way, there are a number of towers, bastions, and fortifications.
• They include the Bokar Fortress, Revelin Fortress, St. John’s Fortress, and Minceta Fortress in the north, east, and southeast, respectively (west).
• The City Walls definitely stand out given that the entire city is approximately 21.35 km2.

Over a Million People Visit The Walls Every Year.

• About 1.2 million visited Dubrovnik’s City Walls in 2017.
• They’re one of Croatia’s and the Balkans’ top attractions.
• The numbers have been stable for years.
• The mayor proposes limiting entrance to the walls to 4,000, half the UNESCO recommendation.
• The Walls attract tourists year-round, although winter flights to Dubrovnik limit winter visitors.
• But, June–300+ September’s hours of sunlight may help.

They Are One Of The Ten World Heritage Sites in Croatia.

• Croatia has 10 UNESCO World Heritage sites.
• Eight are “cultural” sites, including the Dubrovnik Walls.
• The first three Croatian sites to receive this honour were them.
• The city received this honour in 1979, ranking 95th.
• Plitvice Lakes National Park, Split, Porec, Trogir, Cathedral of Saint James, Stari Grad Plain, Stecci Medieval Graveyards, The Venetian Works in Zadar, and Primeval Beech Woods are other Croatian heritage sites.
• Several sites cross borders.

Old and Modern Coexist in Dubrovnik’s Old Town

• Dubrovnik’s Old Town is a bustling metropolis and one of Europe’s best-preserved mediaeval cities.
• Locals thrive alongside tourist shops and restaurants.
• It’s the city’s centre.
• Several guests comment on that amazing juxtaposition and how it enhances their city stay.
• Despite tourism restrictions, locals are kind.
• Inside the walls, you get the real Croatian experience together with everything else.
• Dubrovnik has the world’s oldest pharmacy. This shouldn’t be a trip’s main attraction, but it can be added to the bucket list.

                                                 Ancient history

• Vukovar’s Vučedol civilization produced Copper Age artefacts. Palisade-walled hilltops housed Vučedol residents. Half-buried houses had clay flooring and circular fireplaces.
• In Croatia, the Illyrian Bronze culture began to organise. The Iron Age castle Nezakcij in Pula, one of many Istrian settlements, has preserved walls and many huge sculptures.
• Greek sailors and merchants reached practically every corner of the Mediterranean, including Croatia, where they created isolated city-states.Greek art impacted and even replicated theirs. Hellenistic Illyrian Daors influenced the Neretva Delta.
• Romans[1] conquered Greek colony cities in the 3rd century BC.After then, these areas were Roman Illyrian provinces. Many rustic villas and new urban communities (Verige in Brijuni, Pula, and Trogir, originally Tragurion) illustrate Roman urbanisation. Thirty urban communities in Istria, Liburnia, and Dalmatia had Roman citizenship (civitas). Epetion (Poreč) and Jader have the best-preserved Roman streets (decumanus/cardo) (Zadar). The first-century Julius Caesar-dedicated city of Pola (Pula) has the best-preserved Roman monuments.
• Classical Roman art includes stone walls, two city gates, two Forum temples, and the remnants of two theatres, as well as the Arch from 30 AD, the temple of Augustus from 2 to 14 AD, and the Fluvian Amphitheater (Arena) from the 2nd century. Salona was Dalmatia’s largest (40,000 people) and most influential city in the 3rd century AD. About 300 AD, Salona-born emperor Diocletian built Diocletian’s Palace, the world’s largest and most important late antique monument.
• . Salona became the western Balkans’ Christian hub in the 4th century. It had many basilicas, necropolises, and two saints, Domnius (Duje) and Anastasius (Staš).
• The 6th-century Euphrasian Basilica in Poreč is one of few Byzantine basilicas in western Europe (besides Ravenna). Slavs migrated in the early Middle Ages, creating Slavic republics that coexisted with Italian coastal cities modelled after Venice.

 

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